Seed size in a plant is a polygenic characteristic. A grower crosses two pure-breeding varieties of the plant and measures seed size in the F1 progeny. She then backcrosses the F1 plants to one of the parental varieties and measures seed size in the backcross progeny. The grower finds that seed size in the backcross progeny has a higher variance that does seed size in the F1 progeny. Explain why the backcross progeny are more variable.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The F1 progeny is completely heterozygous for the loci of interest since they were obtained by mating between two pure-breeding plant lines. In the next generation, the backcross progeny will have homo-zygous individuals and therefore they will be more variable, resulting from meiosis in F1 hybrids

Explanation:

An F1 resulting from the cross between two pure-breeding plant lines will produce all hybrid individuals, all of them genetically (and phenotypically) identical. Meiosis in F1 hybrids is well known to produce homo-zygous genotypes and thus increases genetic diversity in progeny. For instance, for a single locus, the expected ratio of genotypes obtained from crossing two heterozygous parents is 1:2:1, i.e., one homo-zigous dominant individual, two heterozygous individuals (genetically identical to the parents) and one homo-zygous recessive individual; while the expected phenotypic ratio is 3:1 (i.e., 3 dominant expressing: 1 recessive expressing​).


Related Questions

Describe the flow of a river from beginning to the end


Use the following terms: headwaters, springs, tributaries, confluence, and mouth

Answers

The flow of a river from the beginning is called the headwater, as its where the water is coming from. Springs are warmer water spots in a big or little space of water. Confluence is when two rivers connect into one. Tributaries are caused when rivers flow out into a larger river or lake. The mouth of the river flows from a larger source into a smaller one, commonly a stream or river.

The flow of river begins with the Headwater .

Springs are warmer water bodies compared to rivers,

The rivers connect to another river to form a  confluence  

Rivers flow into larger water bodies in the form of tributaries.

The mouth of the river flows from a larger source to a smaller body of water.

Describing the flow of a river

The flow of river begins with the Headwater ( the beginning of the river ), springs are warmer water bodies compared to rivers, When the rivers flow they connect to another river ( confluence ) which flow into larger rivers in the form of tributaries while the mouth of the river flows form a larger source to a smaller body of water.

Hence we can conclude that the flow of river is as described above

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Beetles in a certain population can either be green color or brown colored. A change in the environment has caused the green colored beetles to become more visible and heavily prayed upon by other animals. Because of this change in the environment, what will most likely happen to this beetle population.?


A. The number of brown colored beetles will increase

B. The green colored beetles reproduce at a faster rate

C. The green colored beetles will change their color to brown

D. The population of green colored and brown colored beetles will become extinct

Answers

Answer:

A. i think

Explanation:

if green is being prayed on more, than less green are gonna be produced and brown will become more prominent. if that makes sense.

True
After the second melotic division, the cells are haploid as they have only one of each homologous
chromosome pair.


Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

After the second melotic division, the cells are haploid as they have only one of each homologous

chromosome pair.

1. What causes community resilience?

Answers

Answer:

Community resilience is the sustained ability of a community to use available resources to respond to, withstand, and recover from adverse situations. This allows for the adaptation and growth of a community after disaster strikes. Communities that are resilient are able to minimize any disaster, making the return to normal life as effortless as possible. By implementing a community resilience plan, a community can come together and overcome any disaster, while rebuilding physically and economically.

Explanation:

Which statements describe the effects of indoor pollution? Select two options.
Ultrafine particles cause poor health.
Nose hairs and mucus catch all the particles before they reach the lungs
Ultrafine particles are absorbed by the lungs when people breathe.
Ultrafine particles contribute to more than 20,000 deaths per year in the United States.
Most ultrafine particles can be seen with the unaided eye.

Answers

Answer:

A and C

Explanation:

The negative health impacts of indoor pollution are caused by ultrafine particles that are inhaled and absorbed by the lungs. So, the correct options are A and C.

What are Indoor pollution?

Indoor air pollution, which can be as much as ten times worse than outside air pollution, is indeed the degradation in indoor air quality caused by hazardous chemicals and other elements. This is because enclosed rooms encourage the accumulation of possible contaminants more than do open ones.

The main contributors to indoor air pollution include: Bioaerosols, building materials, and combustion Although radon, asbestos, pesticides, toxic substances, organic volatile compounds, and environmental tobacco smoke are all regarded as serious indoor pollutants in industrialised countries, developing countries are primarily affected by the combustion byproducts of biomass fuels.

The negative health impacts of indoor pollution are caused by ultrafine particles that are inhaled and absorbed by the lungs.

Therefore, the correct options are A and C.

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8. Which is true about viruses!
a. They are prokaryotic cells that infect living organisms
b. They are nonliving particles that infect living organisms
C. They are eukaryotic cells that infect living organisms
d. They are fungi that infect living organisms

Answers

Answer:

The Answer is gonna be A. They are prokaryotic cells that infect living organisms

This is the right Answer :3

I hope you are having a great day ❤️❤️❤️❤️

the answer is A a virus is a prokaryotic cell

Why is color NOT the best property to identify minerals A) different minerals can have the exact same colors B) all minerals have the same streak C) color can change due to impurities D) all minerals have one type of element

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

gthtrhm xkcnsdvnsf

Which of the following statements are true about the esophagus? Select all that apply.
The esophagus is a bony tube.
The esophagus is a muscular tube.
The esophagus moves food from the mouth to the small intestine.
The esophagus moves food from the mouth to the stomach.
Which of the following statements are true about the esophagus?

Answers

The statements that are true about the esophagus are:

The esophagus is a muscular tube.

The esophagus is the muscular tube of the digestive tract that develops from the pharynx to the stomach.

The esophagus moves food from the mouth to the stomach.

This part of the digestive system is traversed by food, which enters through the mouth, passes through the pharynx, crosses the esophagus and reaches the stomach.

In this process, the esophagus has an active participation, since its walls contract to promote the advance of the food.

Therefore, we can conclude that the esophagus is a muscular tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach.

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How many mL of stock solution of 2M NaCl do you need to prepare 100 mL of 0.150M NaCl?​

Answers

Answer:

7.5mL

Explanation:

Comsidering the definition of dilution, 7.5 mL of the stock solution  of 2 M are required to prepare 100 mL of 0.150 M solution.

Dilution is a procedure by which the concentration of a solution is lowered. It is achieved by adding more solvent to the same amount of solute.

Then the amount of solute does not vary, but the volume of the solvent does: when more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

Ci: initial concentration Vi: initial volume Cf: final concentration Vf: final volume

In this case, you know:

Ci= 2 M  Vi= ? Cf= 0.150 M Vf= 100 mL  

Replacing in the definition of dilution:  

2 M×Vi= 0.150 M×100 mL

Solving:

[tex]Vi=\frac{0.150 M x 100 mL}{2 M}[/tex]

Vi= 7.5 mL

In summary, 7.5 mL of the stock solution  of 2 M are required to prepare 100 mL of 0.150 M solution.

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Anoles are a family of IIzards found throughout the Americas. Green anoles, Anolis carolinensis, are native to i specific area of Florida. In this
area, the primary territory of green anoles was once along the ground and in low-level branches. However, the Introduction of brown anoles,
Anolis sagrei, from Cuba forced green anoles to shift o their territory to the tops of trees. The branches at the treetops are smoother and thinner
than those close to the ground. Over time, the toe pads of the green anoles have become larger and stickler.
What is the best explanation for the change In green anoles' toe pads?
Some individuals In the green anole population had mutations that helped them survive and reproduce In the new conditions,
so thelr genes were passed on to the next generation.
O B. Gene flow between the green and brown anoles provided the green anoles with traits that helped them survive and
reproduce, and those tralts were passed on to the next generation.
The feet of the green anoles became larger and stickler as they used them, which helped the green anoles to better survive,
reproduce, and pass the tralt on to the next generation.
O D. The change in conditions caused mutations In green anoles that gave them beneficial tralts for survival and reproduction, and
those mutations were passed on to the next generation.
Reset
Next
dmentum. All rights reserved.
ED INTL

Answers

Answer: D

Explanation:

Answer:

Some individuals in the green anole population had mutations that helped them survive and reproduce in the new conditions, so their genes were passed on to the next generation.

Explanation:

How are Killer Whales like the Wolves of the Rocky Mountains? And is this innate or instinctive behavior?

Answers

Killer whales are predators in the ocean while wolves are predators in the rocky mountains. i’m not 100% sure but i think their behavior is instinctive.

Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition

Grouping items together to keep observations organized


inferring


predicting


classifying


observing

Answers

Answer:

classifying

Explanation:

for example like classifying the files from SVU classifying them keeps them more organized and labeled kind of like identifying them classifying them keeps them all together in one group

1.Non-living things, such as a car, often show characteristics similar to those of
living organisms.
a) State which characteristic of a living organism matches each of the descriptions
linked to a car.
(i)
burning fuel in the engine to release energy...
[1]
(ii)
headlights that switch on automatically in the dark.
(iii) filling the car's tank with fuel..
. [1]
(iv)
release of waste gases..
-- [1]
b) Identify one characteristic of living things that is not carried out by a
car......
... [1]

Answers

Answer:

burning fuel in the engine to release energy...

[1]

Explanation:

i think

Help please!! Louisa wants to find out whether earthworms prefer to live in the dark or in the light. She constructs an investigation. She fills a box with dirt and places 30 earthworms in the dirt. Then, she covers half of the box with a lid. She leaves the other half open. After waiting a week, what should Louisa do next? No links!!!

A. repeat the experiment
B. write a report to present to her science class
C. ask another question about the behavior of earthworms
D. count the number of earthworms that are present on each side of the box

Answers

Answer:

A is the answer because she have to answer again to make sure it is right

what is the outcome of cell signaling

Answers

Answer:

Other important large-scale outcomes of cell signaling include cell migration, changes in cell identity, and induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death).

Explanation:

the function of the secretion​

Answers

Answer:

Secretion, in biology, production and release of a useful substance by a gland or cell; also, the substance produced. In addition to the enzymes and hormones that facilitate and regulate complex biochemical processes, body tissues also secrete a variety of substances that provide lubrication and moisture.

Explanation:

what are 2 characteristics of s waves

Answers

Explanation:

s waves are shear waves. they move by material flexing or deformity sideways from the direction of waves travel

Which of the following is a 5-carbon sugar?
Glucose
Fructose
Ribose
Sucrose​

Answers

Answer:

ribose

Explanation:

Answer:

Ribose & deoxyribose sugars. Ribose is a single-ring pentose [5-Carbon] sugar.

The main function of cell respiration is to produce A. glucose B. NADH and FADH2. C. CO2. D.mitochondria E. ATP.​
Again No links thank you!

Answers

shhsshshshshshshhshshs

An example of a consumer in a pond ecosystem is...

A. a water lily

B. algae

C. a reed

D. a frog

Answers

In a pond ecosystem, the primary consumers are tadpole larvae of frogs, fishes and other aquatic animals which consume green plants and algae as their food. These herbivorous aquatic animals are the food of secondary consumers. Frogs, big fishes, water snakes, crabs are secondary consumers.

In a pond ecosystem, the frog serves as a consumer. The correct option is D.

What is a consumer?

Consumers are lifeforms that require food to produce energy. These organisms are known as heterotrophs, which means they must consume something else as food.

In a pond ecosystem, tadpole larvae of frogs, fishes, and other underwater animal life that eat green plants and algae are the primary consumers.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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list the excretory organs of the human body and state the substance they excrete​

Answers

skin, liver, large intestine, lungs, and kidneys

Explain the relationship between the Fossil Record and the Theory of Evolution.

(3 or more sentences)

Answers

Image result for Explain the relationship between the Fossil Record and the Theory of Evolution.
Fossils are important evidence for evolution because they show that life on earth was once different from life found on earth today. Paleontologists can determine the age of fossils using methods like radiometric dating and categorize them to determine the evolutionary. Hope this helps! Mark brainly pls!

What is the relationship between UV radiation and melanin

Answers

UVA radiation causes lesions or DNA damage to melanocytes, which are the skin cells that produce the skin pigment known as melanin. Melanin is a protective pigment in skin, blocking UV radiation from damaging DNA and potentially causing skin cancer.

PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

Answer:

b. 10,000 plants

Explanation:

Producers, plants, contain the most stored energy in an energy pyramid.

I hope this helped :)

Is 100 because the plant conté in de most

When a Pp-genotype plant is bred with a pp-genotype plant, what percentage of the offspring is likely to have white flowers?

Answers

The answer is 25% if the big P stands for white

what two spheres are interacting when ocean water evaporates into the air
1. geosphere
2. hydrosphere
3. atmosphere
4. biosphere

Answers

Hydrosphere and Geosphere

PLS HELP WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST need answers by today!
Which of these is NOT large and gaseous?
A) Jupiter
B) Mercury
C) Saturn
D) Uranus

Answers

It’s either Mercury or Uranus. Jupiter and Saturn are the biggest planets.

Answer: B) Mercury

brainliest?

Explanation:

i need some help on this.............

Answers

Answer:

a) Beaver-dam buildings → (iii) Pond floods

b) Forest fire → (i) New plants can grow because of an increase in sunlight on the forest floor

c) Lack of rainfall  →  (ii) Zebras migrate farther to find water holes

d) Invasive water plants arrive →  (iv) Sunlight is blocked for native seagrasses

e) Grasshopper outbreaks  →   (v) Crops are wiped out along the prairie

f) Coyote disease decreases the population →  (vi) Mice population explodes

Explanation:

a) Beaver-dam buildings → (iii) Pond floods

This is an example of how some species might produce damages in ecosystems. Beavers are known for their dams, where they hide from predators, find shelter, reproduce, and feed. With time, and as the beaver population grows, these dams get bigger each time. These animals keep cutting down trees and covering some wider areas that were inhabited previously by other species. The landscape changes, these areas get flooded permanently, most vegetation dye, the soil properties get altered, and just a few species can keep living there. The ecosystem changes.

b) Forest fire → (i) New plants can grow because of an increase in sunlight on the forest floor

This is an example of biological succession. Stable forests characterize as having big old trees that compete for light developing big canopies at heights. Poor light reaches the ground and allows some smaller species to grow. When a fire occurs, some of these trees might fall or disappear. These fire events open windows in the forest through which sunlight directly reaches the ground. Many new species can germinate and grow. There occurs a renovation of vegetable species in the forest and the consequent renovation of other living forms.  

c) Lack of rainfall  →  (ii) Zebras migrate farther to find water holes

It is not unusual that some species need to migrate looking for food or water. In certain areas, seasonal differences are very sharp, and while some periods characterize as producing plenty of food and water, some others characterize as lacking them, dry seasons especially. Animals develop different strategies to face these moments. Zebras need to migrate to find a new source of water to ensure proper hydration.

d) Invasive water plants arrive →  (iv) Sunlight is blocked for native seagrasses

A very known global environmental problem is the damage caused by invasive species. In a few words, exotic species arrive in a new area out of their native distribution range, establish, grow, adapt, and reproduce. These exotic species turn into invasive species when they overgrow, sharply increasing their reproductive rate. At this point, interaction with native species becomes harder, competing for resources such as space, light, food, shelter, water, among many others. Invasive species become such a good competitor that end by displacing native species. In the exposed example, invasive water plants arrive, and their population overgrows. They compete for light with native seagrasses and end by blocking it for them.

e) Grasshopper outbreaks  →   (v) Crops are wiped out along the prairie

This is an example of the prey-predator relationship. In this case, grasshoppers are the predators, and crops are acting as the prey. Whenever one of the population increases in size, the other one follows this increase, causing the decrease of the first one. When the first population decreases, the second one also decreases. In this example, grasshopper outbreaks, meaning an increase in predation rate over crops. Many more individuals are feeding on the crops, causing more damages to the plants´ population. Crops do not have enough time to recover, so they are wiped out.

f) Coyote disease decreases the population →  (vi) Mice population explodes

This is also an example of the prey-predator relationship. In this case, coyotes are the predators, and mice are acting as the prey. As coyotes are affected by the disease, which causes a decrease in their population size, mice seem to be favored, as they are not predated. They have enough time to recover as a population and increase in size. Coyotes´population decreases in size, so there are many fewer individuals feeding on mice, and hence, the mice population increases very fast. It explodes.

This category of endangerment has so few individual survivors that the species could soon become extinct:

A. Invasive species
B. Threatened species
C. Endangered species
D. Endemic species
E. Red list species

Answers

Answer:

Endangered Species

Explanation:

C. Endangered species

Which of the following types of cells have cell walls?
A. Red Blood Cell
B. Nerve Cell
C. Cork Cell
D. Animal Cells

Answers

Answer:

cork cells

Explanation:

A cork cell has a cell wall that has a waxy substance that is impermeable to gases and water called suberin.

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I neeed help plsss hurry how many pregnancies per 100 women may occur in a year while using the patch What evidence does the author provide to support the claim that biomass can help companies save money? A Biomass can be converted to other useable forms of energy, such as methane gas, or transportation fuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel." B About 80% of the wood and wood waste fuel used in the United States is consumed by industry, electric power producers, and commercial businesses." C Many manufacturing plants in the wood and paper products industry use wood waste to produce their own steam and electricity." D There are about 76 waste-to-energy plants in the United States that nenerate electricity or produce steam." Given m||n, find the value of x. (5x-23) (7x-1) Which of the following best describes Darwin's (and Wallace's) theory of evolution?Question 1 options:Organisms adapt during their individual lifetime and then pass on that adapted trait to their offspring.The different species appeared on our planet in a random fashion. There are no reasons for why animals are in the locations they are in or have the features they have.Galapagos finches have changed over time to get longer beaks to be able to eat the seeds on the islandThe diversity of life on our planet comes from the process of evolution supported by the mechanism of natural selection. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb ir to say where the people are going.Mis amigos _____ al cine para ver una pelcula. Solve the equation 23+n=29 using the inverse operation. Select the correct answer.Which color does flexo printing print first when printing a colored file?A. cyanB. magentaC. blueD. blackE. yellow 3. Ellis Island stopped processingimmigrants inO 1924.O 1954O 1964O 1984 Which of the following quotes best summarizes how the details included in the section Some Examples of the Unexpected relate to one another?The things we learn from our national space program will produce benefits in ways entirely unrelated to missiles or interplanetary travel.The implications of this knowledge for satellites near Earth or for reentering spacecraft are obvious.Noble gases are the least active substances known to chemistry; if they can adhere, it is clear that no specific forces are needed for adhesiveness.From this knowledge has come the recent development of a diaphragm-damping fluid surface which has real potential not only for underwater high-speed bodies, but for any vehicle where fast-moving gases or fluids may cause drag.PLS HELP ILL ONLY GIVE BRAINLIEST TO THE CORRECT ANSWER Which phrases tell causes of suffering for blacks in northern cities after World War II? Choose all answers that are correct. Finish the sentence usingthree more words and ALLITERATION.The tornado took... Find the volume of a right circular cone that has a height of 13 m and a base with a diameter of 3.4 m. Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a cubic meter. HELP TIMED!!Suppose you draw a card from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of drawing a 7 or a queen? HELP I NEED HELP ASAPHELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAPHELP I NEED HELP ASAPHELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAPA. Skewed RightB. UniformC. Skewed LeftD. Normal On a coordinate plane, what are the center and radius of the circle represented by(x+3)^2 + (y 5)^2 = 25?A. Center: (-3, 5); Radius: 25B. Center: (3, -5); Radius: 25C. Center: (3, -5); Radius: 5D. Center: (-3, 5); Radius: 5 Each student in her 8th grade math class presented her with a cookie. One-third of the students each gave her an oatmeal cookie, one-sixth of the students each gave her a cinnamon cookie, one-fourth of the students each gave her a chocolate chip cookie, and the remaining 9 students each gave her a peanut butter cookie. How many students are in Mrs Vo's 8th grade math class? ) Find the area of the shape. Please help me with this question. Write an equation of the line that passes through (2,-5) and is parallel to the line 2y = 3x + 10