Answers
Problem 1
The text (from the screenshot you posted) mentions that
"The atoms of covalent materials are bound tightly to each other in stable molecules, but those molecules are generally not very strongly attracted to other molecules in the material"
Put another way, we can think of each atom as a person, and each molecule as a family or a collection of persons. This is because any molecule is a collection of atoms. In covalent molecules, the connection between any two families isn't that strong since each person is focused more on their respective family, instead of other people outside the family. This is one way to think of it, but you may have a more effective way to remember.
In short, the exterior bonds between different covalent molecules isn't that strong, which means it's easier to break those bonds.
======================================================
Problem 2
The text also says
"The atoms (ions) in ionic materials show strong attractions to other ions in their vicinity"
This is due to the positively and negatively charged ions that attract to one another, and this causes a stronger chain so to speak. The stronger the chain, the harder it is to break when you apply temperature to it. Keep in mind that the only difference between a solid and a liquid is that the solid is a rigid structure while a liquid is more loose and free flowing. The ionic materials having a stronger inner bond like this is why ionic materials have higher melting points. You need to apply more temperature than normal to get the solid to melt.
======================================================
Problem 3
Again we turn to the text and it says
"For example, the molecule carbon tetrachloride is a non-polar covalent molecule, CCl4. It's melting point is -23 degrees Celsius. By contrast, the ionic solid NaCl has a melting point of 800 degrees Celsius"
In short, the difference between the two is that carbon tetrachloride has covalent bonds and NaCl (sodium chloride, aka table salt) has ionic bonds. It's much easier to melt the carbon tetrachloride than it is to melt the table salt.
Side note: carbon tetrachloride was historically used in fire extinguishers, but have been phased out due to safety concerns. Exposure to this toxin can lead to central nervous system problems, kidney failure, or liver problems. Due to its very low melting point, carbon tetrachloride is a liquid at STP.
1. Covalent compounds are held together by weak intermolecular forces. It is because of such weaker forces, which fails to make the compound bind tightly. Since lower heat (energy) is capable of breaking these weak intermolecular forces, therefore the melting and boiling points of covalent compounds is low.
2. Ionic compounds are held together by electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions . As the ionic lattice contains such a large number of ions, a lot of energy is needed to overcome this ionic bonding so ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
3. In terms of chemical bonding, carbon tetrachloride is a covalent chemical compound whereas sodium chloride is an ionic chemical compound. NaCl is solid in nature while CCl₄ is liquid.
Learn more:
brainly.com/question/3447218
Related Questions
How many atoms of oxygen are on the reactants side of this balanced equation?
2AgNO3 (aq)+ Cu(s) —Cu(NO3)2 (aq)+ 2Ag(s)
12
2
3
6
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
I tried to figure it out but my head wasn’t working sorry
how do I find the slope of this graph? Is it even possible?
Answers
Answer:
Not exactly But you can take the slope of the curved portion and the slope of the flatline.
It wont do you much good since your working for absorbance but if you ever see something like a temperature change you can use the slope(s) to find freezing points/melting
Explanation:
If you need to submit a slope you could use a best fit which is just point to point or you could break it up like i mentioned
What property of water is primary for living organisms? (SC.6.E.7.4) *
1 point
It is odorless.
It does not conduct electricity.
It is tasteless
It is liquid at most temperatures on Earth.
Answers
Answer:
It is liquid at most temperatures on Earth.
In this case you have unlimited iron, but only 6.40 moles of oxygen (O2). How much Fe2O3 can you produce?
Answers
Answer: 682 grams
Explanation:
The balanced chemical reaction is:
[tex]4Fe+3O_2\rightarrow 2Fe_2O_3[/tex]
[tex]O_2[/tex] is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product and [tex]Fe[/tex] is the excess reagent.
According to stoichiometry :
3 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] produce = 2 moles of [tex]Fe_2O_3[/tex]
Thus 6.40 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] will produce=[tex]\frac{2}{3}\times 6.40=4.27moles[/tex] of [tex]Fe_2O_3[/tex]
Mass of [tex]Fe_2O_3=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=4.27moles\times 159.69g/mol=682g[/tex]
Thus 682 g of [tex]Fe_2O_3[/tex] will be produced from 6.40 moles of oxygen
I have to write the balanced equation
Answers
You are counting red blood cells, which objective will be best to count the number of cells, high power or low power objective and why?
Can someone please HELP MEEEE
Answers
Answer:
Low power
Explanation:
Low power would allow for the full image of the red blood cells and would appear as small circles.
Subscripts are the big numbers written to the left of a chemical formula in a chemical equation
True or false
Answers
Answer:
Most probably it's true.
How many atoms is 45 moles of silicon (Si)?
Answers
why are oxidation numbers assigned to the elements before writing a chemical formula
Answers
Answer:
Oxidation numbers assign ownership of the electrons to one atom or another in a compound. ... Scientists use these numbers to help name compounds, write formulas and balance chemical equations. They are also useful when studying reactions and they can help you identify when something is oxidized or reduced.
Kito puts his spoon into a helping of fresh, hot, mashed potatoes as shown in the figure. Which process takes place when the two objects come together
A. The temperature of the spoon increases, but its thermal energy does not change
B. Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the warmer mashed potatoes to the cooler spoon
C. The thermal energy of both the mashed potatoes and the spoon increases as energy in the form of heat is transferred between them
(please answer quickly, I don't want to fail this test due to being stuck on this one)
Answers
Answer:
B. is the answer
Explanation:
Energy in form of heat is transferred from the warmer mashed potatoes to the cooler spoon.
1 point
5. A drug or other chemical compound whose manufacture, distribution,
possession, and use is regulated by the legal system is referred to as a
poison.
a.poison
b. narcotic
c. toxin
d. controlled substance
Answers
I'm pretty sure its D because if it's manufactured and distributed its likely not toxin or poison. a narcotic could be a controlled substance so that's why I'm leaning towards D
Form hypothesis: Which factor(s) do you think determine whether the car breaks the egg?
The mass of the car only _____
The kinetic energy of the car ____
The speed of the car only ___
The momentum of the car ___
(GIZMOS)
Answers
2 yes
3 no
4 yes Hope this helped!
What volume would 4.32x1023 atoms of Krypton gas occupy at STP?
Answers
How many atoms of which elements are represented by the following formula?
C6H12N
Answers
Answer:
19 atoms
Explanation:
6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, one Nitrogen
What is the compound name for magnesium sulfur
Answers
Answer:
MgS is the formula and Magnesium sulfide is compound name
Explanation:
Answer:
MgS
Explanation:
List 3 metals that could replace lead in the compound Pb(NO3)2 in a single replacement reaction.
Answers
Answer:
AKWIJKNZQSOKQPALQALQPALALQLLKILILI
Write the formula of the conjugate base of the Brønsted-Lowry acid, HIO3
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
A conjugate base of HIO3 is IO3– ion
The chemical formula of the conjugate base of the Bronsted Lowry acid HIO₃ can be represented as IO₃⁻.
What is Bronsted - Lowry acid and bases?According to Bronsted - Lowry theory, acid is a substance that donates a proton or H⁺ ion and forms its conjugate base while the base is a substance that accepts a proton or H⁺ ion and forms its conjugate acid.
Bronsted-Lowry acid donates a proton to the other compound and forms a conjugate base.
Acid ⇄ Conjugate base + Proton
If a conjugate base accepts a proton back then acid reforms.
The Bronsted-Lowry base is a substance that accepts a proton from other compounds.
Base + Proton ⇄ Conjugate acid
If a conjugated acid donates its proton then the base reforms.
The conjugate base of the Bronsted-Lowry acid HIO₃ is:
HIO₃ ⇄ H⁺ + IO₃⁻
Therefore, the conjugate base of the Bronsted-Lowry acid HIO₃ is IO₃⁻.
Learn more about Bronsted-Lowry acid and bases, here:
https://brainly.com/question/28859090
#SPJ2
An athlete can run 4 m/s. How far can she run in 3 minutes?
Answers
Answer:
720
Explanation:
4 m/s
60 seconds
= 180 seconds
3 minutes
4 m/s
= 720 m/s
180 seconds
How many moles is 17.6 g NaOH?
Answers
Answer: The answer is 39.99711.
Explanation:
How many grams NaOH in 1 mol? The answer is 39.99711.
We assume you are converting between grams NaOH and mole.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
molecular weight of NaOH or mol
This compound is also known as Sodium Hydroxide.
The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole.
1 grams NaOH is equal to 0.025001806380511 mole.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between grams NaOH and mole.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
Convert another chemical substance
Convert grams
NaOH
to moles
Quick conversion chart of grams NaOH to mol
1 grams NaOH to mol = 0.025 mol
10 grams NaOH to mol = 0.25002 mol
20 grams NaOH to mol = 0.50004 mol
30 grams NaOH to mol = 0.75005 mol
40 grams NaOH to mol = 1.00007 mol
50 grams NaOH to mol = 1.25009 mol
100 grams NaOH to mol = 2.50018 mol
200 grams NaOH to mol = 5.00036 mol
2. Explain in your own words what will happen to the chemical structure of aspirin when it is in solution at pH 1.0. Compare this to what will happen to the chemical structure of aspirin at pH 8.0. Highlight your answers by drawing appropriate chemical structures for aspirin at each of the pH values.
Answers
Answer:
don't sent such messages whatever you are
According to the concept of solubility and dissociation, aspirin at pH 8 and 10 undergoes dissociation to yield ions.
What are ions?
An ion is defined as an atom or a molecule which has a net electrical charge. There are 2 types of ions :1) cation 2) anion . The cation is the positively charged ion and anion is the negatively charged ion . As they are oppositely charged they attract each resulting in the formation of ionic bond.
Ions consisting of single atom are mono-atomic ions while which consists of two or more ions are called as poly-atomic ions . They are created by chemical interactions . They are very reactive in their gaseous state and rapidly react with oppositely charged ions resulting in neutral molecules.Ions are generated on dissociation.
Learn more about ions,here:
https://brainly.com/question/29183072
#SPJ2
Draw the structure of the product formed in the reaction of an epoxide with ethoxide ion. If more than one stereochemical product is possible, draw only one isomer.
Answers
Answer:
See explanation and image attached
Explanation:
The most common reaction of epoxide rings is the ring opening reaction. This ring opening reaction serves to relieve the stress in the ring.
Now, The first step in the acid catalysed epoxide ring opening reaction is the protonation of the epoxide.
This is now followed by the attack of the nucleophile. Subsequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst and yields the product.
The structure of the product formed in the reaction of an epoxide with ethoxide ion is attached below as we get 2 substituted alcohol product.
What are epoxides?Epoxides are comes under the category of ether, which are the three membered ring structure.
Due to its ring structure, strain or stress is present in the three membered ring which makes it available to react easily with nucleophile. Ethoxide ion acts as a nucleophile in this reaction which attacks on the electrophilic carbon of the epoxide and resulting into the break up of bond and opening of ring.
As a result of this reaction we get the 2 substituted alcohol as attached in the image.
Hence structure of the product is attached below.
To know more about epoxides, visit the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/7213902
A scientist has a container with a substance inside. At first, the molecules in the substance move away from each other. Later, the
molecules move around each other
What change did the scientist observe in the substance?
A. Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a solld.
B. Before, the substance was a gas, Later, it was a liquid
ООО
C. Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a gas.
D. Before, the substance was
solid. Later, it was a liquid
Answers
Gas particles move freely and away from each other. However, liquid particles move around each other.
Hope this helps! :)(
The change scientist observed has been that before the substance was in gaseous state, and later it was in liquid state. Thus, option B is correct.
The particles in the different state of the sample has been moving with varying speed and have varying interatomic interactions. The interactions have been changed with the change in the state of matter.
In the solid state, the structure of particles has been very compact, and the particles do not have a particular movement.The liquid sample has been constituted of the sample particles with lesser interatomic interactions. The particles move more freely compared to the solid, around each other.The gaseous particles have been constituted of the least interatomic particle's interaction. The particles are present at a distant and move away from each other.The sample with the scientist has prior movement of the molecules away from each other. Thus, the substance has been present in the gaseous state. The later movement of the samples has been around each other, thus the molecules has been in a liquid state.
The change scientist observed for the substance has been from gaseous state to liquid state. Thus, option B is correct.
For more information about movement of molecules, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/2284581
Every day a 6th grade class puts candy into bags to prepare for Valentine's Day. They put
7 pieces of candy in each bag. If they make 28 bags in 4 days, how many bags would
they make in 10 days?
Answers
They add “They put 7 pieces of candy in each bag to throw you off”
To find the answer just divide 28 bags by 4 days to get how many bags they make in 1 day. Take that number “7” and multiply it by 10 days. The answer is then 70.
Most caves form in: *
O Igneous rock
O Compacted soil
O Limestone
Sandstone
Answers
Which statement describes steps involved in the production of hydroelectric power?
A. Falling water turns a turbine that helps generate electricity.
B. Moving water turns a paddle wheel that helps generate electricity.
C. Water falls down a pipe to generate electricity.
D. Potential energy of water is directly transformed into electrical energy.
Answers
Ap LSCHpnGKIASAJQSMZc4qoidborFmvFig/USHTVPBWHqozowvg Viewo
8. Two or more forces that cancel each other out are*
A:Net forces
B:balanced forces
C:Unbalanced forces
D:Normal force
Answers
Answer:
Balance and Unbalanced.
How many moles are contained in 7.88 x 10^24 atoms of Iron
Answers
Answer:
1.31 × 10^47
Explanation:
1 mol of Fe =
[tex]1 \: mol \: of \ fe = 6.02 \times 10 ^{23} \ \\ x \: mol \: offe \: = 7.88 \times {10}^{24} \\ \\ \\ so \: 7.88 \times {10}^{24} \div 6.02 \times {10}^{23} \\ \\ x = 1.31 \times {10}^{47} [/tex]
When the following molecular equation is balanced using the smallest possible integer coefficients, the values of these coefficients are: sodium chloride (aq) silver nitrate (aq) silver chloride (s) sodium nitrate (aq)
Answers
Answer:
1 on each compound there
Explanation:
A balanced reaction is a reaction that has the same number of atoms in the reactants and products. If this number is not the same, we need to balance it putting some numbers as coefficients behind the compound or element that needs to be balanced, For example:
NH₃ ------> N₂ + H₂
As you can see in this reaction, we have 1 nitrogen and 3 hydrogens in the reactants, and in the side of products we have 2 of each element. This needs to be balanced. To do this we put a number as coeffcient to balance the atoms. In this case, we can put a number 2 behind the NH₃, so the number of atoms of nitrogen becomes 2:
2NH₃ ------> N₂ + H₂
But this 2, changes the number of hydrogens, we now have 6 (cause 2 * 3 = 6), so, let's balance hydrogen on the products to be 6, putting a 3:
2NH₃ ------> N₂ + 3H₂
Now, the reaction is balanced in each side of the reaction.
Applying the same principle to the reaction of this exercise we have the following:
NaCl(aq) + AgNO₃(aq) ---------> AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq)
As you can see, we have the same number of atoms on each side:
Na: 1; Cl: 1; Ag: 1; N: 1; O: 3
So we don't need to balance this reaction, with just putting the number 1 or none, is perfectly balanced.
Hope this helps
What is the change in enthalpy for a reaction if the reactants have 270 kJ of energy and the products have 150 kJ of energy
Answers
Answer-150 kj
Explanation:
follow me on insta bbyspot
1. What is the purpose of the lab?
2. What is your hypothesis for this experiment?
3. What methods are you using to test this hypothesis?
Outline the steps of the procedure in full sentences.
Section II: Data and Analysis
4. What graphs would clearly represent the trends in your data?
Your Student Guide includes information on which graphs to construct. Each graph should have the following items:
a. An appropriate title
b. Appropriate labels for each axis
c. An appropriate scale for each axis
d. The correct units for the data
Complete a rough sketch of each graph.
5. What do the data in your graphs tell you?
Explain in one or two sentences what trend is shown in each of your graphs.
Section III: Conclusions
6. What do the data tell you about your hypothesis?
State how your hypothesis is either supported OR refuted by the data.
7. How do the data support your claim above?
Explain your statement above. Be sure to refer to specific pieces of data from your experiment that support your argument.
8. If you could repeat the experiment and make it better, what would you do differently and why?
There are always ways that experiments can be improved. Now that you are a veteran of this experiment and have experience with the procedure, offer some advice to the next scientist about what you suggest and why.
Answers
Answer:
1)To familiarize students with experimental apparatus, the scientific method, and methods of data analysis so that they will have some idea of the inductive process by which the ideas were originated. To teach how to make careful experimental observations and how to think about and draw conclusions from such data.
2)The hypothesis is an educated guess as to what will happen during your experiment. The hypothesis is often written using the words "IF" and "THEN." For example, "If I do not study, then I will fail the test." The "if' and "then" statements reflect your independent and dependent variables.
3)Specify the Null Hypothesis.
Specify the Alternative Hypothesis.
Set the Significance Level.
Calculate the Test Statistic and Corresponding P-Value.
Drawing a Conclusion.
4)Line charts, or line graphs, are powerful visual tools that illustrate trends in data over a period of time or a particular correlation. For example, one axis of the graph might represent a variable value, while the other axis often displays a timeline.
5)
Answer:
To familiarize students with experimental apparatus, the scientific method, and methods of data analysis so that they will have some idea of the inductive process by which the ideas were originated. To teach how to make careful experimental observations and how to think about and draw conclusions from such data.
2)The hypothesis is an educated guess as to what will happen during your experiment. The hypothesis is often written using the words "IF" and "THEN." For example, "If I do not study, then I will fail the test." The "if' and "then" statements reflect your independent and dependent variables.
3)Specify the Null Hypothesis.
Specify the Alternative Hypothesis.
Set the Significance Level.
Calculate the Test Statistic and Corresponding P-Value.
Drawing a Conclusion.
4)Line charts, or line graphs, are powerful visual tools that illustrate trends in data over a period of time or a particular correlation. For example, one axis of the graph might represent a variable value, while the other axis often displays a timeline.
Explanation:
To familiarize students with experimental apparatus, the scientific method, and methods of data analysis so that they will have some idea of the inductive process by which the ideas were originated. To teach how to make careful experimental observations and how to think about and draw conclusions from such data.
2)The hypothesis is an educated guess as to what will happen during your experiment. The hypothesis is often written using the words "IF" and "THEN." For example, "If I do not study, then I will fail the test." The "if' and "then" statements reflect your independent and dependent variables.
3)Specify the Null Hypothesis.
Specify the Alternative Hypothesis.
Set the Significance Level.
Calculate the Test Statistic and Corresponding P-Value.
Drawing a Conclusion.
4)Line charts, or line graphs, are powerful visual tools that illustrate trends in data over a period of time or a particular correlation. For example, one axis of the graph might represent a variable value, while the other axis often displays a timeline.