After a new firewall is installed, users report that they do not have connectivity to the Internet. The output of the ipconfig command shows an IP address of 169.254.0.101. Which of the following ports would need to be opened on the firewall to allow the users to obtain an IP address? (Select TWO).
A. UDP 53
B. UDP 67
C. UDP 68
D. TCP 53
E. TCP 67
F. TCP 68

Answer:

In dynamic scoping the current block is searched by the compiler and then all calling functions consecutively e.g. if a function a() calls a separately defined function b() then b() does have access to the local variables of a(). The visible variables with the name of the function in which it was defined are given below.

Explanation:

In main() function three integer type variables are declared: a,b,c

In fun1() three int type variables are declared/defined: b,c,d

In fun2() three int type variables are declared/defined: c,d,e

In fun3() three int type variables are declared/defined: d,e,f

a. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3

Here the main() calls fun1() which calls fun2() and fun2() calls func3() . This means first the func3() executes, then fun2(), then fun1() and last main()

Visible Variable:  d, e, f        Defined in: fun3

Visible Variable: c                 Defined in: fun2 (the variables d and e of fun2  

                                                                                                     are not visible)

Visible Variable: b                  Defined in: fun1 ( c and d of func1 are hidden)

Visible Variable: a                 Defined in: main (b,c are hidden)

b. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3

Here the main() calls fun1, fun1 calls fun3. This means the body of fun3 executes first, then of fun1 and then in last, of main()

Visible Variable: d, e, f           Defined in: fun3

Visible Variable:  b, c              Defined in: fun1 (d not visible)

Visible Variable:  a                  Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)

c. Main calls fun2; fun2 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1

Here the main() calls fun2, fun2 calls fun3 and fun3 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun3, then fun2 and in last, of main()

Visible Variable:  b, c, d        Defined in: fun1

Visible Variable:  e, f             Defined in: fun3 ( d not visible)

Visible Variable:  a                Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)

Here variables c, d and e of fun2 are not visible

d. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun1

Here the main() calls fun3, fun3 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun3 and then in last, of main()

Visible Variable: b, c, d     Defined in: fun1  

Visible Variable:   e, f        Defined in:  fun3   ( d not visible )

Visible Variable:    a          Defined in: main (b and c not visible)

e. Main calls fun1; fun1 calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2

Here the main() calls fun1, fun1 calls fun3 and fun3 calls fun2. This means the body of fun2 executes first, then of fun3, then of fun1 and then in last, of main()

Visible Variable: c, d, e        Defined in: fun2

Visible Variable:  f               Defined in: fun3 ( d and e not visible)

Visible Variable:  b               Defined in:  fun1 ( c and d not visible)

Visible Variable: a                Defined in: main ( b and c not visible)

f. Main calls fun3; fun3 calls fun2; fun2 calls fun1

Here the main() calls fun3, fun3 calls fun2 and fun2 calls fun1. This means the body of fun1 executes first, then of fun2, then of fun3 and then in last, of main()

Visible Variable: b, c, d       Defined in: fun1  

Visible Variable: e               Defined in: fun2  

Visible Variable: f                Defined in: fun3  

Visible Variable: a               Defined in: main

Answer:

a. There are improvements in security and high availability during outage

Explanation:

Virtualization occurs when data that could be in several formats (for example, storage devices) are made to appear real through a software. There are virtualization providers who act as third-party between users and the original manufacturers of the software. While virtualization has received wide popularity in recent times because of the several advantages it offers of which cost-saving is included, it also has some disadvantages. One of them from the options provided is the possibility of a security breach and its uncertain availability.

The security breach arises because of the proliferation of information on the virtual space. This information can be accessed by unauthorized hackers. Also since third-party providers are the usual providers of virtualization services, the availability depends on them because if they shut down, users can no longer access the software.

Answer:

Round trip times required =  log2N

Explanation:

The round-trip times required before TCP can send N segments using a slow start is log2N. we can arrive at this by looking at the mode of operation of TCP which is  at the 1st time of using a TCP it starts the congestion window as 1 then it  sends an initial segment. When the acknowledgement of the initial segment arrives, TCP increases the congestion window to 2 and then sends 2 segments, When the 2 acknowledgements of the segments sent out arrives, they each increase the congestion window by one, thereby increasing the congestion window to 4 . therefore it takes   log2N round trips before TCP can send N segments

Answer:

A. True

Explanation:

In FMS service routines, access controls are enforced automatically

and they that access and manipulate files and directories. Files and directories are usually accessed via access controls in most of the FMSs.

Additional processing overhead are usually imposed by FMS. Also, the FMS tend to restrict and hinder one from accessing secondary storage.

Answer:

Here is the Python program:

def fancy_find(search_within , search_for):  # function definition of fancy_find function that takes two parameters

   index = 0  #to store the index of search_within where the search_for string is found

   if search_for in search_within:  #checks if the string search_for is present in string search_within

       sf = search_for[0]  #points to the first character of the search_for

       for sw in search_within:  #iterates through search_within

           if sw == sf:  #if the first character of search_for is equal to the character at sw index of search_within

               if search_within[index:index+len(search_for)] == search_for:  #checks if the value of search_for is found in search_within

                   print(search_for,"found at index",index,"!")  #if above condition is true prints the message "[search_for] found at index [index]!", with [search_for] and [index] replaced by the value of search_for and the index at which it is found

                   return ""  

           index += 1  #increments value of index at each iteration

   print(search_for,"is not found within", search_within)  #if search_for is not found within search_within, prints message "[search_for] was not found within [search_within]!" with the values of search_for and search_within.

   return ""    

#following two statements are used to test the working of above function

print(fancy_find("ABCDEF", "DEF"))  #calls fancy_find() passing "ABCDEF" as search_within and "DEF" as search_for

print(fancy_find("ABCDEF", "GHI")) #calls fancy_find() passing "ABCDEF" as search_within and "GHI" as search_for

Explanation:

The program is well explained in the comments. I will explain the working of the function with the help of an example:

Suppose

search_within = "ABCDEF"

search_for = "DEF"

We have to find if search_for i.e. DEF is present in search_within i.e. ABCDEF

if search_for in search_within statement checks using in operator that if DEF is included in ABCDEF. Here this condition evaluates to true so the next statement sf = search_for[0]  executes which sets the first element of search_for i.e. D to sf. So sf = 'D'

for sw in search_within this statement has a for loop that iterates through ABCDEF and works as following:

At first iteration:

sw contains the first character of search_within  i.e. A

if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. A. Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:

index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes 1. Hence index=1

At second iteration:

sw contains the second character of search_within  i.e. B

if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. B Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:

index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes  2. Hence index=2

At third iteration:

sw contains the third character of search_within  i.e. C

if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. C Its not true so the program control moves to this statement:

index += 1 This increases the value of index by 1. index was initialized to 0 so now it becomes  3. Hence index=3

At fourth iteration:

sw contains the third character of search_within  i.e. D

if sw == sf: condition checks if the first character of the search_for i.e. D is equal to sw i.e. D. Its true so so the program control moves to this statement:

  if search_within[index:index+len(search_for)] == search_for:

current value of index=3

len(search_for) returns the length of DEF i.e. 3

So the if condition checks for the search_for in search_within. The statement becomes:

if search_within[3:3+3] == search_for:

search_within[3:3+3]  means from 3rd index position of search_within to 6-th index position of the search_within. This means from 4th element of search_within i.e. D to the last. Hence search_within[3:3+3] is equal to DEF.

search_for = DEF so

if search_within[3:3+3] == search_for: checks if

search_within[3:3+3] = DEF is equals to search_for = DEF

Yes it is true so

print(search_for,"found at index",index,"!") statement is executef which prints the following message:

DEF found at index 3!

This output is because search_for = "DEF" and index=3

Answer:

Explanation:

Skill acquisition improves quality, competence and competitiveness of an individual, It boost the chances of success and ability to make an impact. Access to information plays a verybhuge role in the society as it enables hearers to get updated while those who aren't informed are left behind. Some of the key competences or skills required in the information society include:

Critical thinking : Problem identification and ways to solve them.

Information sourcing and gathering : knowing where to get vital informations and facts

Effective communication, creativity, leadership, social, media and technological skills and so on.

The skills could be can be applied on schools in the form of :

Creating clubs such as the writing and debate clubs where students are given a research topic to write and present, this improves their research ability and communication skill.

Group project or assignment improves collaboration between members.

Assignments or projects requiring technology : Students may be given problems to solve with the use of computers moutwr programs and technology, this will help mad improve productivity.

Reward for innovation: Students should be paused mad encouraged for being creative, this will improve such individual and push others as well.

Answer:

Here is the JAVA code:

public class Main{

public static int solution(int[] A) { //method that takes non-empty array A consisting of 0s and 1s

           int N = A.length; // number of 0s and 1s in array A

           int r = 0; //result of adjacency

           for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++;   )   { // iterates through A

               if (A[i] == A[i + 1])  //if i-th element of A is equal to (i+1)th element

                   r = r + 1;   }     //add 1 to the count of r

           if (r == N-1)   //for test cases like {1,1}

           {return r-1; }

           int max = 0; //to store maximum possible adjacency

           for (int i = 0; i <N; i++)   { //iterates through array

               int c = 0;

               if (i > 0)    { //starts from 1 and  covering the last

                   if (A[i-1] != A[i]) //checks if i-1 element of A is not equal to ith element of A

                       c = c + 1;    //adds 1 to counter variable

                   else

                      c = c - 1;   } //decrements c by 1

               if (i < N - 1)     {//starting with 0

                   if (A[i] != A[i + 1])  //checks if ith element of A is not equal to i+1th element of A

                       c = c + 1; //adds 1 to counter variable

                   else

                       c = c - 1;   }      //decrements c by 1        

               max = Math.max(max,c);   }  //finds the maximum of max and c

           return r + max;         } //returns result + maximum result

        public static void main(String[] args) {

   int[] A = {1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0}; //sample array to test the method

   System.out.println(solution(A));} } //calls the method passing array to it

Explanation:

The program works as follows:

A[] = {1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0}

N = A.length

N = 6

The A has the following elements:

A[0] =  1

A[1] = 1

A[2] = 0

A[3] = 1

A[4] = 0

A[5] = 0

Program iterates through array A using for loop. Loop variable i is initialized to 0

if condition if (A[i] == A[i + 1]) checks

if (A[0] == A[0 + 1])

A[0] =  1

A[0 + 1] = A[1] = 1

They both are 1 so they are equal

r = r + 1;  

Since the above if condition is true so 1 is added to the value of r Hence

r = 1

At each iteration of the loop the if condition checks whether the adjacent elements of A are equal. If true then r is incremented to 1 otherwise not.

So after all the iterations value of r = 2

if (r == N-1) evaluates to false because r=2 and N-1 = 5

So program moves to the statement:

for (int i = 0; i <N; i++)

This loop iterates through the array A

if (i > 0) condition checks if value of i is greater than 0. This evaluates to false and program control moves to statement:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(0<5) This evaluates to true and program control moves to statement

if (A[i] != A[i + 1])  which means:

if (A[0] != A[0 + 1]) -> if (A[0] != A[1])

We know that

A[0] =  1

A[1] = 1

So this evaluates to false and else part is executed:

value of c is decremented to 1. So c=-1

max = Math.max(max,c) statement returns the max of max and c

max = 0

c = -1

So max = 0

value of i is incremented to 1 so i = 1

At next step:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(1<5) This evaluates to true and program control moves to statement

if (A[i] != A[i + 1]) which means:

if (A[1] != A[1 + 1]) -> if (A[1] != A[2])

A[1] = 1

A[2] = 0

So the statement evaluates to true and following statement is executed

c = c + 1; The value of c is incremented to 1. So

c = -1 + 1

Hence

Hence c= 0, max = 0 and i = 2

next step:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(2<5) This evaluates to true and program control moves to statement

if (A[i] != A[i + 1]) which means:

if (A[2] != A[2 + 1]) -> if (A[2] != A[3])

A[2] = 0

A[3] = 1

So the statement evaluates to true and following statement is executed

c = c + 1; The value of c is incremented to 1. So

c = 0 + 1

c = 1

Hence

The statement max = Math.max(max,c) returns the max of max and c

max = 0

c = 1

So max = 1

Hence  c= 1, max = 1 and i = 3

next step:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(3<5) This evaluates to true and program control moves to statement

if (A[i] != A[i + 1]) which means:

if (A[3] != A[3 + 1]) -> if (A[3] != A[4])

A[3] = 1

A[4] = 0

So the statement evaluates to true and following statement is executed

c = c + 1; The value of c is incremented to 1. So

c = 1 + 1

c = 2

Hence

The statement max = Math.max(max,c) returns the max of max and c

max = 1

c = 2

So max = 2

Hence c= 2, max = 2 i = 4

next step:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(4<5) This evaluates to true and program control moves to statement

if (A[i] != A[i + 1])  which means:

if (A[4] != A[4+ 1]) -> if (A[4] != A[5])

A[4] = 0

A[5] = 0

So this evaluates to false and else part is executed:

value of c is decremented to 1. So c=1

max = Math.max(max,c) statement returns the max of max and c

max = 2

c = 1

So max = 2

value of i is incremented to 1 so i = 5

next step:

if (i < N - 1) which makes if(5<5) This evaluates to false

if (i > 0) evaluates to true so following statement executes:

if (A[i-1] != A[i])

if (A[5-1] != A[5])

if (A[4] != A[5])

A[4] = 0

A[5] = 0

This statement evaluates to false so else part executes and value of c is decremented to 1

Hence

max = 2

c = 0

So max = 2

value of i is incremented to 1 so i = 6

The loop breaks because i <N evaluates to false.

Program control moves to the statement:

return r + max;

r = 2

max = 2

r + max = 2+2 = 4

So the output of the above program is:

4

Answer:

Please refer to the below for answer.

Explanation:

Emerging technology is a term given to the development of new technologies or improvement on existing technologies that are expected to be available in the nearest future.

Examples of emerging technologies includes but not limited to block chain, internet of things, robotics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence (AI) etc.

One of the reasons that makes emerging technology happen is the quest to improving on existing knowledge. People want to further advance their knowledge in terms of coming up with newest technologies that would make task faster and better and also address human issues. For instance, manufacturing companies make use of robotics,design, construction, and machines(robots) that perform simple repetitive tasks which ordinarily should be done by humans.

Other reasons that makes emerging technology happens are economic benefit, consumer demand and human needs, social betterment, the global community and response to social problems.

Impact that emerging technology will have on;

• Individuals. The positive effect of emerging technology is that it will create more free time for individuals in a family. Individuals can now stay connected, capture memories, access information through internet of things.

• Society. Emerging technology will enable people to have access to modern day health care services that would prevent, operate, train and improving medical conditions of people in the society.

• Environment. Before now, there have been global complains on pollution especially on vehicles and emission from industries. However, emerging technology will be addressing this negative impact of pollution from vehicles as cars that are currently being produced does not use petrol which causes pollution.

what makes ''emerging technologies'' happen is the necessity for it, the need for it in the society.

The impact they will have on individuals ,society,and environment is that it will improve areas of life such as communication, Transportation, Agriculture.

Emerging technologies can be regarded as the technologies in which their development as will as practical applications are not yet realized.

Learn more about Emerging technologies at:

https://brainly.com/question/25110079

Answer:

import csv

import sys

file_csv = argv

with open( "file_csv", "rb" ) as file:

      rowlist= csv.DictReader( file )

      dict_count={ }

      for row in rowlist:

           dict_count[ row[ 'department' ] ] = dict_count.get( row[ 'department' ], 0 ) + 1

      print( " The count of employees per department are", dict_count )

Explanation:

The python script in the solution above is able to accept user input csv files via command prompt and get an output of the number of employees for each department.

Answer:

Answered below

Explanation:

Data hazards happen when instructions exhibiting data dependence modify data in the different stages of a pipeline. Potential data hazards when not attended to, can result in race hazards or race conditions. Examples of situations where data hazards can occur is read after write, write after read, write after write. To resolve data hazards we can insert a pipeline whenever a read after write, dependence is encountered, use out-of-order execution or use operand forwarding.

Structural hazards happen when multiple instructions which are already in pipeline new the same resource. Example is a situation which many instructions are ready to execute an there is a single Arithmetic Logic Unit. Methods for preventing this hazard include pipeline break an pipeline flushing.

Answer:

B. False

Explanation:

Binary search does not work in an unsorted list, therefore it will not return the correct answer in 0(n) time.

For an unsorted list, linear search is the better way of searching for algorithms.

For a binary search, it goes through a sorted list to locate a desired element. It repeats its processes until it picks the correct element it is looking for.

Answer:

The Ampersand Symbol (Option B)

Explanation:

A 'address of operator' specifies that a given value that is read needs to be stored at the address of 'x'.

The address operator is represented by the ampersand symbol. ( & )

Hope this helps.

Answer:

Explanation: Research has proven that ;

The memory cell is also known as the  fundamental building block of computer memory.

It stores one bit of binary information and it must be set to store a logic 1 (high voltage level) and reset to store a logic 0 (low voltage level).

Answer:

short_names = ["Gus", "Bob", "Ann"]

print(short_names[0])

print(short_names[1])

print(short_names[2])

Explanation:

There are some typos in your code. In addition to the missing part of the code, I corrected the typos.

First of all, initialize the list called short_names. The list starts with "[" and ends with "]". Between those, there are must be the names (Since each name is a string, they must be written between "" and there must be a semicolon between each name)

Then, you can print each name by writing the name of the list and the index of the names between brackets (Index implies the position of the element and it starts with 0)

Answer:

Sequence of popped values: h,s,f.

State of stack (from top to bottom): m, d

Explanation:

Assuming that stack is  initially empty. Suppose that p contains the popped values. The state of the stack is where the top and bottom are pointing to in the stack. The top of the stack is that end of the stack where the new value is entered and existing values is removed. The sequence works as following:

push(d) -> enters d to the Stack

Stack:  

d ->top

push(h) -> enters h to the Stack

Stack:

h ->top

d ->bottom

pop() -> removes h from the Stack:

Stack:

d ->top

p: Suppose p contains popped values so first popped value entered to p is h

p = h

push(f) -> enters f to the Stack

Stack:

f ->top

d ->bottom

push(s) -> enters s to the Stack

Stack:

s ->top

f

d ->bottom

pop() -> removes s from the Stack:

Stack:

f ->top

d -> bottom

p = h, s

pop() -> removes f from the Stack:

Stack:

d ->top

p = h, s, f

push(m) -> enters m to the Stack:

Stack:

m ->top

d ->bottom

So looking at p the sequence of popped values is:

h, s, f

the final state of the stack:

m, d

end that is the top of the stack:

m

Answer:

A. True

Explanation:

The correct option is A. True.

Actually, in using cloud infrastructures, the client necessarily cedes control to the CP on a number of issues which may affect security. It may have to restrict port scans and even penetration testing. Moreover, the service level agreements may not actually guarantee commitment to offer such services on the part of the CP. This may result in leaving a gap in security defenses.

Also, when the control of the CP changes, it's evident that the terms and conditions of their services may also change which may affect security.

Answer:

Such languages are used to create computer code or program code, the set of instructions forming a computer program which is executed by the computer. This source code is translated into machine code by a compiler or interpreter, so that the computer can execute it to perform its tasks.

Answer:

Writing code,” “coding,” and “programming” are basically interchangeable terms. Broadly speaking, knowing how to write code is the process of creating instructions that tell a computer what to do, and how to do it. Codes are written in various languages, such as javascript, C#, Python, and much more.

hlo samradhiki can we chat in comment section

Answer:

Computer ethics is a part of practical philosophy concerned with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. Margaret Anne Pierce, a professor in the Department of Mathematics and Computers at Georgia Southern University has categorized the ethical decisions related to computer technology and usage into three primary influences:

The individual's own personal code.

Any informal code of ethical conduct that exists in the work place.

Exposure to formal codes of ethics.

Explanation:

Answer:

Here is the function PrintSongsShorterThan() which prints all the songs from the album shorter than the value of the parameter songDuration.

void Album::PrintSongsShorterThan(int songDuration) const {   //function that takes the songDuration as parameter

unsigned int i;  

Song currSong;    //object of Song

cout << "Songs shorter than " << songDuration << " seconds:" << endl;  

for(int i=0; i<albumSongs.size(); i++){    

currSong = albumSongs.at(i);    

if(currSong.GetDuration()<songDuration){    //checks if the song duration of the song from album is less than the value of songDuration

currSong.PrintSong();     } } }  //calls PrintSong method to print all the songs with less than the songDuration

Explanation:  

I will explain the working of the for loop in the above function.

The loop has a variable i that is initialized to 0. The loop continues to execute until the value of i exceeds the albumSongs vector size. The albumSongs is a Song type vector and vector works just like a dynamic array to store sequences.

At each iteration the for loop checks if the value of i is less than the size of albumSongs. If it is true then the statement inside the loop body execute. The at() is a vector function that is used to return a reference to the element at i-th position in the albumSongs.  

So the album song at the i-th index of albumSongs is assigned to the currSong. This currSong works as an instance. Next the if condition checks if that album song's duration is less than the specified value of songDuration. Here the method GetDuration() is used to return the value of duration of the song. If this condition evaluates to true then the printSong method is called using currSong object. The printSong() method has a statement cout << name << " - " << duration << endl; which prints/displays the name of the song with its duration.

If you see the main() function statement:

musicAlbum.PrintSongsShorterThan(210);  

The musicAlbum is the Album object to access the PrintSongsShorterThan(210) The value passed to this method is 210 which means this is the value of the songDuration.

As we know that the parameter of PrintSongsShorterThan method is songDuration. So the duration of each song in albumSongs vector is checked by this function and if the song duration is less than 210 then the name of the song along with its duration is displayed on the output screen.

For example if the album name is Anonymous and the songs name along with their duration are:

ABC 400  

XYZ 123  

CDE 300  

GHI 200  

KLM 100  

Then the above program displays the following output when the user types "quit" after entering the above information.

Anonymous                                                              

Songs shorter than 210 seconds:                                                                         XYZ - 123                                                                                                              

GHI - 200                                                                                                              

KLM - 100  

Notice that the song name ABC and CDE are not displayed because they exceed the songDuration i.e. 210.

Answer:

A) Number of bits for byte = 6 bits

B) number of bits for index = 17 bits

C) number of bits for tag = 15 bits

Explanation:

Given data :

cache size = 64 kB

block size = 32 -byte

block address = 32 -bit

number of blocks in cache memory  

cache size / block size = 64 kb / 32 b = 2^11 hence the number of blocks in cache memory = 11 bits = block offset

A) Number of bits for byte

[tex]log _{2} (6)^2[/tex] = 6  bits

B) number of bits for index

block offset + byte number

= 11 + 6 = 17 bits

c ) number of bits for tag

= 32 - number of bits for index

= 32 - 17 = 15 bits

Answer:

Kindly see explanation

Explanation: The operating system is a huge part of a computer system which plays a an invaluable role in the working of computer programs, hardwares and influences the overall experience of the user. It operating system serves as the interface between the computer hardware itself and the user who may wish to perform different tasks using a computer. In other to teach and learn, it is necessary to input and also obtain output, store our files and process and most essentially one may need to install application programs or softwares, all these functions are made possible with the help of an operating system. In essence, a system without an operating system can perform very little to no function at all. So basically teaching and learning becomes difficult. Teaching and Learning tools such as video, writing and other application softwares cannot be installed without an operating system and thus teaching or learning becomes impossible in it's absence.

Answer:

Lack of tone of voice

Explanation:

Remember, online disinhibition refers to the tendency of people to feel open in communication via the internet than on face to face conversations.

A lack of tone voice isn't categorized as a direct cause of online disinhibition because an individual can actually express himself using his tone of voice online. However, online disinhibition is caused by people's desire to be anonymous; their use of smartphones, and a lack of nonverbal cues.

Answer:

Hash function have less collision than a internet checksum because of computational infeasibility.

Explanation:

A collision means there is more then one way to produce the same sum. It is nearly difficult to developed two messages with same hash however, in checksum, it is more easier to develop or modify two messages to have same sum, thereby enabling attackers to have access to the message or the information arising to less message integrity.

Answer:

INSERT INTO categories (CategoryName)

VALUES ('Brass Code');

Explanation:

The SQL refers to the Structured Query Language in which the data is to be designed and maintained that occurred in the relational database management system i.e it is to be used for maintaining and query the database

Now the INSERT statement should be written as follows

INSERT INTO categories (CategoryName)

VALUES ('Brass Code');

Explanation:

Refactoring consists of improving the internal structure of an existing program's source code, while preserving its external behavior. 

Answer:

Here is the corrected code: The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached. The comments are written with each line of the program for better understanding of the code.

CarRental.java

public class CarRental  {  //class name

//below are the data members name, zipcode, size, dFee, days and total

String name;  

int zipcode;

String size;

double dFee;

int days;

double total;  

public String getName()  {  //accessor method to get the name

return name; }

public int getZipcode()  { //accessor method to get the zipcode

return zipcode; }

public String getSize() {  //accessor method to get the size

return size; }

public int getDays() {  //accessor method to get the days

return days;  }

public CarRental(String size)  {  //constructor of CarRental class

if(size.charAt(0)=='e')  // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is e

     dFee = 29.99;  // sets the dFee to 29.99

  else if(size.charAt(0)=='m')  // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is m

     dFee = 38.99;  // sets the dFee to 38.99

  else   // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is f

     dFee =43.50;  // sets the dFee to 43.50

   }

public void calculateTotal(int days) {  //method calculateTotal of CarRental

total = dFee*days;  }  //computes the rental fee

public void print()   {  //method to display the total rental fee

System.out.println("Your rental total cost is: $" + total);  } }

Explanation:

LuxuryCarRental.java

import java.util.*;

public class LuxuryCarRental extends CarRental {  //class LuxuryCarRental that is derived from class CarRental

public LuxuryCarRental(String size, int days) {  // constructor of LuxuryCarRental

super(size);}   //used when a LuxuryCarRental class and CarRental  class has same data members i.e. size

public void calculateTotal() {  //overridden method

super.calculateTotal(days); // used because CarRental  and LuxuryCarRental class have same named method i.e.  calculateTotal

dFee = 79.99;  //sets the rental fee at $79.99 per day

total = dFee;  }  //sets total to rental fee value

public void print(){  //overridden method

   int chauffeur;  // to decide to include chauffeur

Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);  //used to take input from user

System.out.println("Do you want to add a chauffeur for $200? Enter 0 for"

+ " yes and 1 for no");  // prompts the user to respond to the option of including a chauffeur at $200 more per day

chauffeur = keyboard.nextInt();   //reads the input option of chauffeur from user

if(chauffeur==1)  //if user enters 1 which means user does not want to add a chauffeur

total = dFee;  //then set the value of dFee i.e.  $79.99  to total

else  //if user enters 0 which means user wants to add a chauffeur

total = dFee + 200;  //adds 200 to dFee value and assign the resultant value to total variable

System.out.println("Your rental total cost is: $" + total);  }  } //display the total rental fee

UseCarRental.java

import java.util.*;

public class UseCarRental{ //class name

public static void main(String[] args){ //start of main() function body

String name, size; // declare variables

int zipcode, days; //declare variables

Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); // to take input from user

System.out.println("Enter total days you plan on renting: "); //prompts user to enter total days of rent

days = keyboard.nextInt(); // reads value of days from user

System.out.println("Enter your name: "); //prompts user to enter name

name = keyboard.next(); //reads input name from user

System.out.println("Enter your billing zipcode: "); // prompts user to enter zipcode

zipcode = keyboard.nextInt(); //reads input zipcode from user

System.out.println("Enter the size of the car: "); // prompts user to enter the value of size

size = keyboard.next(); //reads input size from user

CarRental economy = new CarRental(size); //creates an object i.e. economy of class CarRental

economy.calculateTotal(days); //calls calculateTotal method of CarRental using instance economy

economy.print(); //calls print() method of CarRental using instance economy

LuxuryCarRental fullsize = new LuxuryCarRental(size, days);  //creates an object i.e. fullsize of class LuxuryCarRental

fullsize.calculateTotal();  //calls calculateTotal method of LuxuryCarRental using instance fullsize

fullsize.print(); }} //calls print() method of LuxuryCarRental using instance fullsize      

Answer:

Explanation:

Most library are now advancing in terms of service delivery and public

libraries are no exception as libraries are now incorporating E- platforms/E- libraries, Audio visuals, where anyone can learn or borrow materials electronically.

         Furthermore, not everyone can own a computer set to so that public libraries are even relevant to the majorities who can afford a computer set.

Also a library especially the public library is a place where people can meet and socialize to the end we even make friends at the public library more effectively than the online library can make(if they can).

In summary the pros of physical public libraries can not be over emphasized.