A pair of identical twins develop leukemias, where immature white blood cells proliferate uncontrollably. In each case, the cancer cells analyzed from identical twins displayed an identical chromosomal mutation and this critical mutation was not found in the twins normal cells. The twins developed leukemia at different times in their lives. What is the best explanation for the origin of this chromosomal mutation

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The chromosomal rearrangement resulted from a rare somatic mutational event that occurred in utero

Explanation:

Leukemia is a progressive type of cancer where immature white blood cells (leukocytes) proliferate uncontrollably. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have shown that somatic mutations are relatively common in different types of leukemia such as, for example, acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, identical twins are developed from one fertilized egg (ovum) that splits and develops into two identical individuals that share all of their genes (i.e., they have exactly the same genetic information). In this case, it is expected that leukemogenesis was initiated in the utero by the occurrence of a chromosomal rearrangement and proceeded early during development as distinct clonalities. In addition, the fact that identical twins developed leukemia at different times in their lives also indicates that this malignancy wasn't caused by only one mutation, but instead it was triggered by multiple mutational events (i.e., leukemia is a multistep cancer caused by secondary genetic changes).


Related Questions

Is bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic

Answers

The answer to this question is Prokaryotes
It’s the second word

The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of - (5.5)

A predation
B commensalism
C parasitism
D mutualism

Answers

D.mutualism,both parties benefit
the relationship is commensalism because the remora attaches onto the sharks underbelly and whatever the shark eats, the extra fallen pieces end up to the remora

Protein Synthesis and Codons Practice
DNA → T T C A A T G G T C T A G G G

RNA →

Amino Acids →

Answers

Answer:

RNA AAGUUACCAGAUCCC

Explanation:

Remember A codes for U

C for G

G for C

T for A

The amino acids will be for every codon (every three letters)

I don’t have a codon chart to translate at the moment but I hope this helps:)

cuál es el límite entre la cavidad torácica y abdominal?

Answers

Answer:

El diafragma es un músculo en forma de cúpula que separa la cavidad torácica (pulmones y corazón) de la cavidad abdominal (intestinos, estómago, hígado, etc.).

Explanation:

2. How does temperature change in the troposphere?
A. It increases with height.
B. It decreases with height.
C. It increases and then decreases with height.

Answers

Answer:

OPTION-A IS CORRECT

IT INCREASES WITH HEIGHT

Explanation:

PLEASE MARK ME BRAINLIEST

Unit 5 DQ 1 Debate on global warming The issue of global warming has become an unending debate. Which side of the debate are you in? Support your decision with one reference​

Answers

Answer:

Global average temperatures have increased in evolving patterns in which cooler temperatures (shown in blues) have generally changed to warmer temperatures (shown in progressively intense reds).

difference between antigens and antibodies?​

Answers

Answer:

Antigens are molecules capable of stimulating an immune response. Each antigen has distinct surface features, or epitopes, resulting in specific responses. Antibodies (immunoglobins) are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells of the immune system in response to exposure to antigens.

Explanation:

Plz mark as Brainliest

hopes this helps

Where would you collect
data during an
experiment?

Answers

Answer:

Recall that data can be collected in two main ways: (1) through sample surveys or (2) through designed experiments. While sample surveys lead to observational studies, designed experiments enable researchers to control variables, leading to additional conclusions.

How much time does it take to use 300 W of power to do 1800 J of work? Round your answer to the near
number.
SERE
The time is
S.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is 6 secs rounded to nearest ten is 10

Explanation:

hope it helps

In meteorology, ____ is a volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content.​

Answers

Answer:

mass

Explanation:

An Air mass is a volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content. A front is the border between two air masses.

In meteorology, mass is a volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content.​

What is meteorology?

In the academic, public, and private sectors (government and business), meteorologists work in these fields. Some of the businesses and organizations who employ meteorologists or make use of various meteorological services.

Although we will touch on a few other topics as well, the main focus of this course will be on weather analysis and forecasting. After all, everyone is affected by the weather every single day in some way.

Meteorology is defined as "the science of the atmosphere covering both weather and climate" in the Met Office's Meteorological Glossary.

Therefore, In meteorology, mass is a volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content.​

To learn more about meteorology, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/5122598

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What is the major issue that we are faced with as discussed in this video kiss the ground What is the proposed solution? plssss

Answers

Save our soil in hopes the soil might just save us.” This is the central statement of Kiss the Ground I think the major issue is that we need to save our soil because our soul is dying out.

Which of the following are the products of respiration?
1)ATP, Water, and Oxygen
2)Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Water
3)ATP, Carbon Dioxide, and Water
4)Glucose, Water, and Carbon Dioxide

Answers

3 would be the best choice of cellular respiration

PLS HELP!! ASAP DUE TONIGHT!!

The saturated fats of animals differ from the unsaturated ones of plants. Unsaturated fats have

A. higher molecular weights.

B. more metabolic processes that they participate in.

C. nitrogen atoms in their structures.

D. a higher number of double bonds between carbon atoms in their structures.

E. more functional utility in animal species, particularly in marine life forms.

Answers

Answer:

D. a higher number of double bonds between carbon atoms in their structures.

Explanation:

From this diagram of fossils (sorry it’s a bit blurry) which layer is the youngest and which layer is the oldest? How do you know?

Answers

Answer:

The bottom layer is the oldest, and the top layer is the youngest

Explanation:

As time goes on more and more sediment gets piled onto a certain place, meaning the oldest fossils will keep getting deeper and deeper

True or False? The skills and characteristics needed for a high-quality friendship are the same skills and characteristics needed in a committed long-term relationship or marriage.

Answers

True
Hope this help

Is a fish a living organism?????????????????????????

Answers

Answer:

yes a fish is a living organism

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

it can move, eat and produce

You put a cat in an open cage with cat food, water, and a litter box (where the cat poops and urinates). The cage cat water food litter box weighs 2000 grams. Two weeks later, the cat has eaten all the food, has drunk all the water, and has grown a little bit bigger. The cat's waste (urine and poop) is still in the litter box. How much would you expect the cage cat litter box with poop and urine to weigh now

Answers

Answer:

it would weigh more than before

Explanation:

Which of the following is not a kingdom of
life?

Answers

Hey, just a heads up there’s no picture ^*

Question is not complete....

which organ is responsible for helping to keep the water concentration equal on each side of the cell membrane?
(please help I've been stuck on this for 2 days)

Answers

Answer:

solute membrane

Explanation:

Kidney is the main organ which is responsible for helping to keep the water concentration equal on each side of the cell membrane.

What is Kidney?

The kidneys are the main organs in the body which remove waste products and extra water from the blood in the form of urine and also help to keep the chemicals such as sodium, potassium, and calcium balanced in the body. The kidneys also secrete hormones which help control blood pressure and stimulate bone marrow to make red blood cells.

Kidneys maintain water concentration in the body. Kidneys maintain homeostasis through osmosis. Osmosis is the phenomenon of movement of water or fluid particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

Learn more about Kidney here:

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The “great dying,” which saw 96% of all species extinct, was partially caused by(1 point)

an asteroid impact.

lower levels of carbon dioxide in the air.

bacteria producing large amounts of toxic methane.

algae consuming too much oxygen from the ocean.

Answers

the answer would be the theory of an asteroid impact which it's blast wave killed almost all species on earth

The “great dying,” which saw 96% of all species extinct, was partially caused by an asteroid impact. So, the correct option is A.

What do you mean by Species?

Species may be defined as a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another in nature and produce fertile offspring.

An asteroid impact threatens the whole biodiversity to a large extent. It leads to the destruction of almost all life forms living on the earth's surface.

Therefore, the “great dying,” which saw 96% of all species extinct, was partially caused by an asteroid impact.

To learn more about Species extinction, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/795397

Auxins cause cells to grow ___. A. Longer on the sunny side of the stem. B. Shorter on the sunny side of the stem . C.shorter on the shaded side of the stem .d. Longer on the shades side of the stem

Answers

Answer:

D. Longer on the shaded side of the stem

Explanation:

Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes cell growth and elongation in plant stems.

It causes the cells to grow longer on the shaded side of the stem.

This growth allows for the plant to grow in the direction of the light source it has.

So, the correct answer is D. Longer on the shaded side of the stem

Need help again ASAP

What does the data reveal about the relationship(s) between the impactor's mass and crater depth?

Answers

Answer:

For each ball, the crater diameter increased as the height of the ball drop increased. My conclusion is that crater diameter increases with increasing mass. Also as the height of the ball increases, so does the crater diameter. Thus crater diameter is proportional to the mass and velocity of the impactor.

Explanation:

correct me if im wrong!:-)

Pls help me awnser these questions guys

Answers

Answer:

I cant really see the questions....

Explanation:

Non vascular plants are quite commin in the forests along the coast of Norther California but are relatively rare in the ecosystems around Davis in the Central Valley. What aspects of the life cycle of these plants make it difficult for them to reproduce on our area

Answers

Answer:

The Central Valley of northern California is a region where there is little water supply, while nonvascular plants cannot efficiently store water and they have primitive traits that are dependent on water for reproduction.

Explanation:

The Central Valley of northern California is characterized to have little natural precipitation/snowmelt during the dry summer months. In addition, California's climate also has extended periods of drought. On the other hand, non-vascular plants such as mosses and liverworts, are a type of plant that lacks vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), and they also lack true roots, stems, or leaves. These plants cannot efficiently absorb and store water (which fundamental for survival), and thereby the success of these plants in establishing and reproducing in the ecosystems of the Central Valley is limited to their physiological tolerance to desiccation. Moreover, non-vascular plants may also exhibit primitive traits related to their reproductive cycle (e.g., a flagellated sperm) that are dependent on water for reproduction.

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